Business Spanish Basics
Master professional communication! Learn essential vocabulary and phrases for business settings, meetings, negotiations, and formal workplace interactions in Spanish.
Business Basics
Core Business Terms
| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| el negocio | business |
| la empresa | company |
| la compañía | company |
| la corporación | corporation |
| la firma | firm |
| la organización | organization |
| el empleado / la empleada | employee |
| el empleador | employer |
| el jefe / la jefa | boss |
| el gerente | manager |
| el director / la directora | director |
| el ejecutivo / la ejecutiva | executive |
| el socio / la socia | partner / associate |
| el cliente | client / customer |
| el proveedor | supplier |
| el competidor | competitor |
Departments and Positions
Company Structure
| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| el departamento | department |
| recursos humanos (RRHH) | human resources (HR) |
| el departamento de ventas | sales department |
| el departamento de marketing | marketing department |
| el departamento de finanzas | finance department |
| el departamento de IT | IT department |
| el departamento legal | legal department |
| la contabilidad | accounting |
| la administración | administration |
| atención al cliente | customer service |
| el director general (CEO) | CEO |
| el director financiero (CFO) | CFO |
| el director de operaciones (COO) | COO |
Office and Workplace
Office Vocabulary
| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| la oficina | office |
| el despacho | office (private) |
| el cubículo | cubicle |
| la sala de reuniones | meeting room |
| la sala de conferencias | conference room |
| la recepción | reception |
| el área de trabajo | workspace |
| el escritorio | desk |
| la papelería | stationery / office supplies |
| el archivo | file / archive |
| el archivador | filing cabinet |
| la fotocopiadora | photocopier |
| la impresora | printer |
| el proyector | projector |
Business Communications
Formal Communication
| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| la comunicación | communication |
| el correo electrónico | |
| el mensaje | message |
| la llamada | phone call |
| la videoconferencia | video conference |
| la presentación | presentation |
| el informe | report |
| el memorándum / el memo | memo |
| la propuesta | proposal |
| el contrato | contract |
| el acuerdo | agreement |
| el documento | document |
| el expediente | file / dossier |
| la correspondencia | correspondence |
Meetings and Appointments
Meeting Vocabulary
| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| la reunión | meeting |
| la junta | meeting / board meeting |
| la cita | appointment |
| el encuentro | meeting / encounter |
| convocar una reunión | to call a meeting |
| asistir a una reunión | to attend a meeting |
| presidir una reunión | to chair a meeting |
| el orden del día | agenda |
| las actas | minutes |
| tomar notas | to take notes |
| posponer | to postpone |
| cancelar | to cancel |
| reprogramar | to reschedule |
Meeting Phrases
| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| Empecemos la reunión. | Let's start the meeting. |
| Pasemos al siguiente punto. | Let's move to the next point. |
| ¿Alguna pregunta? | Any questions? |
| Necesitamos discutir... | We need to discuss... |
| En mi opinión... | In my opinion... |
| Estoy de acuerdo. | I agree. |
| No estoy de acuerdo. | I disagree. |
| Eso es un buen punto. | That's a good point. |
| Volvamos al tema. | Let's get back on topic. |
| Concluyamos aquí. | Let's conclude here. |
Business Operations
Key Business Actions
| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| administrar | to manage / administer |
| gestionar | to manage |
| dirigir | to direct / lead |
| supervisar | to supervise |
| coordinar | to coordinate |
| implementar | to implement |
| desarrollar | to develop |
| lanzar | to launch |
| expandir | to expand |
| invertir | to invest |
| negociar | to negotiate |
| firmar | to sign |
| aprobar | to approve |
| rechazar | to reject |
| analizar | to analyze |
Sales and Marketing
Commercial Vocabulary
| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| las ventas | sales |
| el marketing / la mercadotecnia | marketing |
| el mercado | market |
| el cliente potencial | potential client |
| la clientela | clientele |
| el objetivo | target / goal |
| la meta | goal |
| la campaña | campaign |
| la publicidad | advertising |
| la marca | brand |
| el producto | product |
| el servicio | service |
| la estrategia | strategy |
| el descuento | discount |
| la oferta | offer |
| el precio | price |
| la cotización | quote |
Finance and Accounting
Financial Terms
| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| las finanzas | finances |
| la contabilidad | accounting |
| el presupuesto | budget |
| los ingresos | income / revenue |
| los gastos | expenses |
| las ganancias | profits |
| las pérdidas | losses |
| el balance | balance sheet |
| el flujo de caja | cash flow |
| la factura | invoice / bill |
| el recibo | receipt |
| el pago | payment |
| la deuda | debt |
| el crédito | credit |
| la inversión | investment |
| el impuesto | tax |
| el IVA | VAT |
Negotiations
Negotiation Vocabulary
| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| la negociación | negotiation |
| negociar | to negotiate |
| el trato | deal |
| el acuerdo | agreement |
| la oferta | offer |
| la contraoferta | counteroffer |
| los términos | terms |
| las condiciones | conditions |
| el compromiso | commitment / compromise |
| llegar a un acuerdo | to reach an agreement |
| cerrar un trato | to close a deal |
| hacer una propuesta | to make a proposal |
| aceptar | to accept |
| rechazar | to reject |
| conceder | to concede |
Negotiation Phrases
| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| Hagamos una propuesta. | Let's make a proposal. |
| ¿Cuál es su oferta? | What's your offer? |
| Necesitamos mejores términos. | We need better terms. |
| Eso es aceptable. | That's acceptable. |
| No podemos aceptar eso. | We can't accept that. |
| ¿Pueden mejorar el precio? | Can you improve the price? |
| Tenemos que pensarlo. | We have to think about it. |
| Cerremos el trato. | Let's close the deal. |
| ¿Cuándo podemos firmar? | When can we sign? |
Professional Etiquette
Formal Greetings and Closings
| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| Estimado/a señor/señora... | Dear Mr./Mrs.... |
| Muy señor mío / Muy señora mía | Dear Sir / Dear Madam |
| Distinguido/a... | Distinguished... |
| Atentamente | Sincerely / Yours truly |
| Cordialmente | Cordially |
| Saludos cordiales | Best regards |
| Un cordial saludo | Kind regards |
| Quedo a su disposición | I remain at your disposal |
Practical Dialogues
Dialogue 1: Business Meeting
English: Manager: Good morning, everyone. Let's start the meeting. Employee 1: What's on the agenda today? Manager: We need to discuss the new marketing campaign. Employee 2: I have a proposal. We should focus on social media. Manager: That's a good point. What do you think, María? Employee 3: I agree. It's more cost-effective. Manager: Excellent. Let's implement that strategy. Employee 1: When do we launch? Manager: Next month. Let's conclude here. Thank you all.
Spanish: Gerente: Buenos días a todos. Empecemos la reunión. Empleado 1: ¿Cuál es el orden del día? Gerente: Necesitamos discutir la nueva campaña de marketing. Empleado 2: Tengo una propuesta. Deberíamos enfocarnos en redes sociales. Gerente: Eso es un buen punto. ¿Qué opinas, María? Empleado 3: Estoy de acuerdo. Es más rentable. Gerente: Excelente. Implementemos esa estrategia. Empleado 1: ¿Cuándo lanzamos? Gerente: El próximo mes. Concluyamos aquí. Gracias a todos.
Dialogue 2: Negotiating a Contract
English: Client: Thank you for the proposal. However, the price is too high. Supplier: We understand. What price did you have in mind? Client: We were thinking of 10% less. Supplier: That's difficult for us. We can offer 5% discount. Client: Could you include free shipping? Supplier: If you commit to a year-long contract, yes. Client: That's acceptable. When can we sign? Supplier: Tomorrow. I'll prepare the documents. Client: Perfect. We have a deal.
Spanish: Cliente: Gracias por la propuesta. Sin embargo, el precio es muy alto. Proveedor: Lo entendemos. ¿Qué precio tenía en mente? Cliente: Pensábamos en un 10% menos. Proveedor: Eso es difícil para nosotros. Podemos ofrecer 5% de descuento. Cliente: ¿Podrían incluir envío gratis? Proveedor: Si se comprometen a un contrato de un año, sí. Cliente: Eso es aceptable. ¿Cuándo podemos firmar? Proveedor: Mañana. Prepararé los documentos. Cliente: Perfecto. Tenemos un trato.
Dialogue 3: Job Interview
English: Interviewer: Good afternoon. Thank you for coming. Candidate: Thank you for the opportunity. Interviewer: Tell me about your experience. Candidate: I worked for five years in marketing at ABC Company. Interviewer: What are your strengths? Candidate: I'm very organized and work well under pressure. Interviewer: Why do you want to work here? Candidate: Your company is a leader in the sector and I want to grow professionally. Interviewer: Excellent. We'll contact you next week. Candidate: Thank you very much. I look forward to hearing from you.
Spanish: Entrevistador: Buenas tardes. Gracias por venir. Candidato: Gracias por la oportunidad. Entrevistador: Cuénteme sobre su experiencia. Candidato: Trabajé durante cinco años en marketing en la empresa ABC. Entrevistador: ¿Cuáles son sus fortalezas? Candidato: Soy muy organizado y trabajo bien bajo presión. Entrevistador: ¿Por qué quiere trabajar aquí? Candidato: Su empresa es líder en el sector y quiero crecer profesionalmente. Entrevistador: Excelente. Le contactaremos la próxima semana. Candidato: Muchas gracias. Espero su respuesta.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
❌ Mistake 1: Using informal language in business
- Wrong: ¿Qué tal? (Too casual)
- Right: Buenos días, ¿cómo está? (Professional)
- Always use USTED in business!
❌ Mistake 2: Translating titles literally
- Wrong: "Soy un manager"
- Right: "Soy gerente"
- Use Spanish terms!
❌ Mistake 3: Wrong email closings
- Wrong: "Con amor" (with love - too personal!)
- Right: "Atentamente" or "Cordialmente"
- Professional closings!
❌ Mistake 4: Confusing REUNIÓN and JUNTA
- REUNIÓN = general meeting
- JUNTA = board meeting / more formal
- Know the difference!
❌ Mistake 5: Being too direct
- Wrong: "Eso está mal."
- Right: "Tal vez deberíamos reconsiderar..."
- Be diplomatic!
Practice Exercises
Exercise 1: Match Business Terms
Match Spanish to English:
- el gerente
- la empresa
- el socio
- el cliente
- el proveedor
a) partner b) supplier c) client d) manager e) company
Exercise 2: Choose Formal or Informal
Which is appropriate for business?
- ¿Qué tal? / ¿Cómo está usted?
- Adiós / Un cordial saludo
- Quiero que... / Me gustaría que...
- Tú / Usted
Exercise 3: Translate Business Phrases
Translate to Spanish:
- Let's start the meeting.
- I agree with that proposal.
- We need to negotiate the terms.
- When can we sign the contract?
- Thank you for the opportunity.
Exercise 4: Complete the Email
Fill in appropriate formal phrases:
_____ señor García,
Le escribo para confirmar nuestra reunión del próximo martes.
_____ su disposición para cualquier pregunta.
_____, Juan Pérez
Exercise 5: Identify the Department
Which department handles:
- Contratar empleados → _____
- Vender productos → _____
- Manejar el dinero → _____
- Crear publicidad → _____
- Resolver problemas legales → _____
Answer Key
Exercise 1
1-d (el gerente = manager) 2-e (la empresa = company) 3-a (el socio = partner) 4-c (el cliente = client) 5-b (el proveedor = supplier)
Exercise 2
- ¿Cómo está usted? (formal)
- Un cordial saludo (professional closing)
- Me gustaría que... (more polite)
- Usted (always in business)
Exercise 3
- Empecemos la reunión.
- Estoy de acuerdo con esa propuesta.
- Necesitamos negociar los términos.
- ¿Cuándo podemos firmar el contrato?
- Gracias por la oportunidad.
Exercise 4
Estimado señor García,
Le escribo para confirmar nuestra reunión del próximo martes.
Quedo a su disposición para cualquier pregunta.
Atentamente / Cordialmente, Juan Pérez
Exercise 5
- Recursos Humanos (RRHH)
- Departamento de Ventas
- Departamento de Finanzas / Contabilidad
- Departamento de Marketing
- Departamento Legal
Quick Reference: Business Spanish
Key Vocabulary
- empresa (company)
- gerente (manager)
- reunión (meeting)
- negocio (business)
- cliente (client)
Formal Communication
- Estimado/a... (Dear...)
- Atentamente (Sincerely)
- Always use USTED
Meeting Phrases
- Empecemos la reunión
- Estoy de acuerdo
- Pasemos al siguiente punto
Pro Tips
💡 Tip 1: Always USTED Business = formal Never use TÚ Professional distance!
💡 Tip 2: Diplomatic Language Avoid direct "no" Use "tal vez" Be tactful!
💡 Tip 3: Email Formality Estimado/a... Atentamente... Professional structure!
💡 Tip 4: Meeting Structure Orden del día Actas (minutes) Formal vocabulary!
💡 Tip 5: Regional Awareness Spain: "ordenador" LA: "computadora" Know your audience!
Cultural Notes
📚 Business Culture: Business culture varies across Spanish-speaking countries. Spain tends to be more formal, while some Latin American countries mix formality with personal relationships.
🗣️ Hierarchy: Many Spanish-speaking business cultures are hierarchical. Titles and positions are important. Always address people by their professional title.
🌍 Regional Variations:
- Computer: ordenador (Spain) vs computadora (Latin America)
- Email: correo electrónico (universal) vs email (also used)
- Business hours and lunch breaks vary significantly by country
💭 Personal Relationships: In many Spanish-speaking cultures, business relationships are built on personal connections. Don't be surprised if business meetings include personal conversation.
Next Steps
After mastering business Spanish basics:
- ✅ Learn advanced negotiation tactics
- ✅ Study financial terminology in depth
- ✅ Master formal letter writing
- ✅ Practice presentations in Spanish
- ✅ Learn industry-specific vocabulary
4-Week Action Plan
Week 1: Core Vocabulary
- Day 1-2: Learn company structure terms
- Day 3-4: Master office vocabulary
- Day 5-7: Practice department names
Week 2: Communication
- Day 1-3: Formal email writing
- Day 4-5: Meeting phrases
- Day 6-7: Professional greetings
Week 3: Operations
- Day 1-3: Sales and marketing terms
- Day 4-5: Financial vocabulary
- Day 6-7: Negotiation language
Week 4: Integration
- Day 1-3: Complete business conversations
- Day 4-5: Role-play meetings
- Day 6-7: Professional fluency
Remember: Business Spanish requires formality and professionalism! Always use USTED in business contexts. Master formal greetings: "Estimado/a" (Dear), closings: "Atentamente" (Sincerely), "Cordialmente" (Cordially). Learn key terms: empresa (company), gerente (manager), reunión (meeting), negociación (negotiation), contrato (contract). Meeting phrases: "Empecemos la reunión," "Estoy de acuerdo," "Pasemos al siguiente punto." Be diplomatic and indirect when disagreeing. Know departments: RRHH (HR), ventas (sales), marketing, finanzas (finance). Build relationships while maintaining professionalism. With business Spanish, you'll navigate professional environments confidently!